Ngokucindezela okwandayo kwezinsizakusebenza kanye nemvelo ezweni lethu, iminyango kaHulumeni iphakamise izinhloso zokuthi "ukufeza intuthuko esimeme, yakha umphakathi osonga izinsiza kanye" nokuncishiswa kwamandla okusetshenziswa kwamandla nokuncishiswa kwama-10% Ekukhipheni okuphelele kokungcoliswa okukhulu njengoba kunqunywe uhlelo lweminyaka emihlanu lweminyaka emihlanu ". EChina,-phonsaUdlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wemishini yokukhiqiza imishini, ngezikhundla zokukhiqizwa kokukhiqiza kuqala emhlabeni iminyaka eyisithupha elandelanayo. Kunamabhizinisi angaphezu kuka-27000 wokuphonsa, phakathi kwawo, ngaphandle kwamabhizinisi amakhulu ambalwa ane-Advanced Casting Technology, izindlela eziyisisekelo zokukhiqiza, amabhizinisi amaningi asakazayo asanobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza abaphelelwe yisikhathi, nezinkinga zokuvikela ezemvelo ezikhona Akufakwanga ohlelweni lomsebenzi.
Umkhakha otholwayo ezweni lethu ubhekene nezinselelo ezinkulu ekuvikelweni kwemvelo. Ngokusho kwemibiko, ama-80% kuya kwangama-95% eChina-phonsaAmafektri ikakhulukazi asebenzisa ukubumba ngesandla, futhi ngaphansi kwama-5% wenani eliphelele lamagumbi okuqhuma afakwe izikhungo ezisebenzayo zokuvikela imvelo. Ngaphezu kwama-80% amabhizinisi okuphonsa anendawo enokhahlo ezindaweni, izimo zokusebenza ezingezinhle, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza emuva, kanye nezindlela ezibanzi zokukhiqiza. Ngokombono wesakhiwo somkhakha wokuphonsa, amabhizinisi anezinkundla zemihlangano noma izindawo zokusebenzela ezingaphansi kwezitshalo zokukhiqiza, kanye nezitshalo ezinkulu zokuphonsa kanye nenani elikhulu lezitshalo zokuphonsa amalokishi. Ngokuya ngezinga lokukhiqiza kanye nesilinganiso, kukhona amathoyizi amakhulu anemishini ephezulu, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, kanye nokukhishwa konyaka kwamashumi ezinkulungwane zamathani weizinkonsa, kanye namathoyizi amancane anemishini elula, ukusebenza kwezandla, ubuchwepheshe obuphelelwe yisikhathi kanye nokukhishwa konyaka kwamathani angaphezu kwekhulu okusamali. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngenxa yomthelela wamandla, izici zezemvelo, kanye nezintengo zezabasebenzi, ukukhiqizwa kwezimali emazweni asentshonalanga nezimboni kwehle, futhi kancane kancane baphendukele emazweni azokwakhiwa kwezimali okujwayelekile, kanti futhi bathumela izinkampani ezisezingeni eliphakeme ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nenani eliphakeme elingeziwe emazweni asathuthuka. Njengamanje, ukushesha kwembulunga yonke yezomnotho yomhlaba wonke kuhlinzeka ngamathuba nezinselelo zokuthuthuka kwemboni etholwe yaseChina. Isidingo sokukhokhiswa kwamaShayina kuzo zombili izimakethe zamazwe omhlaba kanye nasekhaya sibonisa inkambiso yokukhula eqhubekayo.
Imishini yokuphonsa, ukuphonsa isihlabathi ukucubungula ukubumba
Imishini yokuphonsa,Ukuphonsa ukucubungula kwesihlabathi
Ngokusekelwe ezingeni lamanje lobuchwepheshe obuphonsa ubuchwepheshe kanye nezinkinga eziphambili eChina, lo mbhalo uhlola izindlela eziphumelelayo zokufeza "okuluhlaza kanye nokuphonsa okuluhlaza okopile" kusuka kulezi zinto ezilandelayo:
1.Ukuthuthukiswa kwezindinganiso zokukhiqiza eziluhlaza zemboni etholwayo kufaka ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo obufana nethiyori yokwakha Umkhiqizo nezindlela zokwakha kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, ubuchwepheshe bokuhlola, njll. Lezi zinto ezingenamkhawulo wokusinda embonini yezimboni ezitholile kanye nentuthuko yentuthuko eluhlaza nezinqubo zokuphonsa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi "ikhwalithi eluhlaza eluhlaza" yemikhiqizo nezinqubo zokukhiqiza, futhi yandise izakhiwo zezemvelo zokukhokhiswa kwazo zonke izinto ezitholwayo zokusebenzisa okubalulekile kokusebenzisa okuqondile yamandla, izinsizakusebenza, kanye nokuphuma kokungcola kanye nokungcola, ubuchwepheshe obuhlaza okobuchwepheshe kanye nezinqubo zenqubobushini zenzelwe ukuguqula izinto zokukhiqiza eziluhlaza nezinto eziwusizo), ngaleyo ndlela kufinyelelwe "ukukhiqizwa kwentela" Izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nobuchwepheshe babo bohlelo lokusebenza ngezinto zokusetshenziswa ezihlanzekile nezemvelo kanye nobuchwepheshe babo bohlelo; ④ Ukutholwa kokutholwa okuthuthukile, okusheshayo nokunembile kanye nokulawula ubuchwepheshe, ukwenza kahle inqubo yokukhiqiza, ukunciphisa imfucumfucu yokuphonsa, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwamandla, nokuthola ukulandisa okuluhlaza kanye nemvelo "; Ukwemukela isiphetho esisebenzayo nesisebenzayo sobuchwepheshe bokwelashwa kwamapayipi ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kokungcola emvelweni. Ngaphezu kokuphakamisa izidingo zobuchwepheshe zezici ezingenhla, kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlanganisa nezimo zezwe zaseChina ezitholile, ukuze amabhizinisi akwazi ukwamukela uhlelo lokubusa olungcono kakhulu (izindleko eziphansi, ukusebenza kahle) ukufezekisa ukuphuma kokugcina Izindinganiso Zemvelo Kazwelonke.
2. Kusukela kusuka ezintweni ezahlukahlukene ezinjengobuchwepheshe bokuphonsa, izinto zokubumba, nemishini yokuphonsa
Isimo esikhona njengamanje sokuvikelwa kwemvelo embonini ye-wapula yaseChina siyakhathazeka. Kungenziwa imizamo ukukhuthaza ukuvikelwa kwemvelo embonini yezohwebo kusuka ezicini ezahlukahlukene ezinjengobuchwepheshe bokuphonsa, izinkampani zokuphonsa: % womkhiqizo wonke wokuphonsa. Ekukhiqizeni ukusakazwa, ukungcoliswa kothuli, ukungcoliswa komoya, nokungcoliswa okuqinile okubangelwa izinto zokubumba zokuphonswa kwesihlabathi kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kufinyelelwe ukukhiqizwa okuluhlaza okotshani nokuhlanzekile ekusakazeni kwesihlabathi, ama-Inorganic ama-lindic kufanele asetshenziswe ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi inani lama-Binders angeziwe kufanele ancishiswe ngangokunokwenzeka (mhlawumbe ngaphandle kwama-bunders). Lokhu kuzuzisa kakhulu ukuxazulula inkinga yokuvuselela isihlabathi esidala futhi kuzonciphisa kakhulu ingcindezi emvelweni. Phakathi kwezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuphonswa kwesihlabathi njengamanje, ukusakaza igwebu elahlekile kanye ne-V-Way Casting esebenzisa isihlabathi samahhala sokunamathela, kanye nokuphonsa okunamanzi okunama-adhesive, izinqubo zokukhiqiza. Ukuphonswa kwe-foam kwama-foam okulahlekile kwamahhala kwaziwa ngokuthi "ubuchwepheshe obusha be-caring yekhulu lama-21" kanye "nobunjiniyela oluhlaza okonhlosweni" njengamanje, iningi lezitho zensimbi zaseChina zincibilikile futhi zikhiqizwa zisebenzisa ihlanzekile futhi zisebenzisa isikhathi eside -Life Izinto zokwenziwa okusebenzayo, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu komoya okushisayo komoya okuqhubekayo, kanye noketshezi wensimbi ovalekile, ukuthulula ubuchwepheshe bokwelashwa ukuze kunciphise inani le-oxidation yensimbi kanye nesizukulwane se-slag; Ukwamukela izindlela ezinconyiwe zoMkhandlu Wamanye Amazwe Ngokuphonsa Kwemvelo Ukulawulwa Kwezemvelo zokwelashwa kwezinto zokuhlanza izinsiza zothando zinganciphisa ukuphuma kothuli ngesikhathi senqubo yokumongisa; Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-slanution opholile amanzi bungakha ukusweleka izinto zokwakha ezisebenza kahle kakhulu; Isebenzisa kahle igesi yokuphelelwa yisikhathi esithandweni esivuthayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekukhiqizeni kwe-Casting, imishini yokucubungula eyenza uthuli nomsindo, njengokuhamba, ukuhlolwa, ukuhlanza, kanye nemishini yokulahla isihlabathi, kungathuthukiswa kusuka kusakhiwo somkhiqizo ukunciphisa noma ukuqeda uthuli.
I-3. Ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obusha bokusetshenziswa kwezinsizakusebenza kwamagesi okungcola ukuvikela imvelo yemvelo futhi kwandise ukulondolozwa kwezinsiza sekuphenduke umgomo ophuthumayo ophisheke abasebenzi abahlukahlukene emazweni ahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, lapho ama-Enterryr asungulwa aseChina akha noma enza ushintsho lobuchwepheshe, kufanele futhi axhumane nokuphindeka kwemfucuza. Lokhu kungenziwa kusuka kulezi zinto ezilandelayo: ① Lapho uklama amapulani wenguquko, okokuqala cabanga ngokwandisa imali ekuvikelweni kwemvelo, futhi kunconywa ukuthi i-akhawunti yokutshala imali yezemvelo yokutshala imali yezemvelo; Ukwamukela imishini yokuphonsa ethuthukile esebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo, ezenzakalelayo, futhi ebiyelwe ukufeza izinhloso zokuvikela ezemvelo; ③ Ukuthola izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezihlanzekile ukwenza ngcono imvelo yokusebenza; ④ ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obusha bokusetshenziswa kwezinsizakusebenza kwemfucuza ye-wadry ngokubhekisisa izindlela zokulahla imfucumfucu zamabhizinisi atholakalayo wamanye amazwe; Hlangana nemigomo yokuncipha, sebenzisa kabusha, futhi uphinde usebenze emnothweni oyindilinga.
Ukuphonsa okuluhlaza okwenzeka ngemvelo kanye nemvelo kungukubonakaliswa kwesu lokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo komphakathi embonini yezokukhiqiza. Kusukela kumthamo wokukhiqiza, izinga lobuchwepheshe, izinga lekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla komkhiqizo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa, amathalente okuchithwa, ukukhishwa kwemfucumfucu, igesi, njll. Emboni yokuphonsa yaseChina, Ukudweba okufinyelelwe ngocwaningo lwangaphandle lwe-theoretical kanye nokuzilolonga, futhi kususelwa kwizici eziyisisekelo, izinkinga ezikhona, kanye nezidingo eziyisisekelo zokuklanywa kwezobuchwepheshe kwezemvelo ye-China Casting Compling izixhumanisi zokukhiqiza ezahlukahlukene ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazeni okuhlukile ekusakazeni okuhlukile ekusakazeni okuhlukile ekusakazeni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazeni okuhlukile ekusakazweni okuhlukile ekusakazeni okuhlukile ekusakazeni okuhlukile ekukhishweni okuhlukahlukene ekukhiqizeni Inqubo yokukhiqiza isungulwa njengezinhloso zokwakhiwa okusha, ukuvuselelwa, ukunwetshwa, kanye namaphrojekthi wenguquko kwezobuchwepheshe amabhizinisi aphonhla eChina. Ukuziphatha kwamabhizinisi okukhiqiza okuphonsa ngokulinganiswa, futhi ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kugqugquzelwa ngamandla ukufeza "okuluhlaza okotshani kanye nemvelo yokuphonsa embonini yezobuchwepheshe yaseChina ukufeza izidingo zokuthuthuka okusheshayo komnotho wezwe lonke.
Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-10-2025